Key Insights
The West African lead-acid battery market, while exhibiting a CAGR exceeding 4% (2019-2024), presents a complex landscape shaped by diverse factors. The market's growth is fueled primarily by the increasing demand for SLI (Starting, Lighting, and Ignition) batteries in the burgeoning automotive sector, particularly within the expanding economies of countries like Nigeria, Kenya, and South Africa. Further growth is propelled by the steady rise in demand for industrial batteries in applications such as telecom infrastructure and UPS systems, reflecting ongoing investment in power grid improvements and technological advancements. However, the market faces significant restraints. These include unreliable electricity grids leading to a greater reliance on backup power solutions, which may not always be economically viable in the long run. Moreover, the market is challenged by the rising popularity of alternative battery technologies like lithium-ion, although the higher initial cost and limited infrastructure for recycling present a barrier to immediate widespread adoption of lithium-ion alternatives in the region. The dominance of lead-acid batteries stems from their established presence, lower upfront cost, and readily available infrastructure for recycling, thus ensuring their continued role in the West African energy landscape for the foreseeable future. Segment-wise, the SLI battery segment is projected to maintain its leading position, driven by a growing vehicle parc and increased private vehicle ownership. Key players such as Robert Bosch, Panasonic, and local companies like The Ibeto Group, are strategically positioned to capitalize on this growing demand. However, competition is intensifying due to the entry of new players and the growing diversification of battery technologies.
Within the forecast period (2025-2033), the West African lead-acid battery market is anticipated to experience sustained yet tempered growth. The projected CAGR (4%+) is expected to be influenced by factors such as economic growth in the region, improving infrastructure, and increasing government investments in energy and transportation sectors. Yet, challenges like the growing awareness of environmental concerns related to lead-acid battery disposal and the increasing adoption of renewable energy technologies pose moderate challenges to the market's future growth trajectory. The market’s segmentation will continue to be dominated by SLI batteries, while other segments like industrial and portable batteries are expected to see incremental growth driven by various technological and industrial advancements within the region. Successful players will likely focus on strategies that include enhanced battery life, improved recycling infrastructure, and the development of cost-effective solutions that cater to the region's specific needs and infrastructure limitations.
West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market: A Comprehensive Report (2019-2033)
This in-depth report provides a comprehensive analysis of the West Africa lead acid battery market, encompassing market size, growth projections, competitive landscape, and key industry trends from 2019 to 2033. The study period covers the historical period (2019-2024), the base year (2025), and the forecast period (2025-2033). The report offers actionable insights for stakeholders involved in the manufacturing, distribution, and application of lead-acid batteries across various sectors in West Africa. Key market segments analyzed include technology (lead-acid, lithium-ion, and other battery technologies) and applications (automotive, SLI, industrial, portable, and others).

West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Market Structure & Competitive Dynamics
The West Africa lead acid battery market exhibits a moderately concentrated structure with several key players dominating significant market shares. Forgo Battery Company Limited, Robert Bosch (Pty) Ltd, Toshiba Corporation, The Ibeto Group, Franerix Solar Solutions Limited, Luminous Power Technologies, and Panasonic Corporation are prominent examples, though the market is not exclusively limited to these companies. Market concentration is further influenced by the presence of numerous smaller regional players. The regulatory framework, while developing, plays a significant role in shaping market dynamics, particularly concerning environmental regulations and safety standards. Product substitution, primarily from lithium-ion batteries, poses a moderate threat, although lead-acid batteries continue to hold significant market share due to their lower cost. M&A activity has been relatively limited in recent years, with deal values averaging approximately xx Million USD annually. End-user trends are predominantly driven by the growing demand for reliable energy solutions in various sectors, including automotive, telecom, and industrial applications.
- Market Share: The top 5 players collectively hold an estimated xx% market share.
- M&A Activity: Average annual deal value: xx Million USD (2019-2024)
- Regulatory Landscape: Growing focus on environmental compliance and safety standards.
West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Industry Trends & Insights
The West Africa lead acid battery market is experiencing steady growth, driven by factors such as increasing urbanization, rising vehicle ownership, expanding industrialization, and the growing demand for reliable power solutions in off-grid communities. The market is projected to achieve a CAGR of xx% during the forecast period (2025-2033). Technological advancements in lead-acid battery technology, aimed at improving performance and lifespan, are also fueling market expansion. However, the increasing adoption of lithium-ion batteries presents a significant challenge, particularly in niche applications where higher energy density and performance are required. Consumer preferences are shifting toward longer-lasting, more reliable batteries with enhanced safety features. Competitive dynamics are shaped by price competition, technological innovation, and the expansion of distribution networks. Market penetration of lead-acid batteries remains high in traditional applications, but the market share is expected to decline slightly due to the rising popularity of alternative technologies.

Dominant Markets & Segments in West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market
Nigeria, with its large population and diverse industrial sector, represents the most significant national market for lead-acid batteries in West Africa. Other key markets include Ghana, Côte d'Ivoire, and Senegal. Within the technology segment, lead-acid batteries currently dominate, owing to their lower cost and established infrastructure. However, the lithium-ion battery segment is anticipated to witness the fastest growth, particularly for applications requiring higher energy density.
Key Drivers for Nigeria's Dominance:
- Large and growing population.
- Expanding automotive and industrial sectors.
- Relatively well-developed infrastructure compared to other West African nations.
Segment Analysis:
- Lead-Acid Battery: This segment is expected to maintain a significant share throughout the forecast period, primarily driven by its cost-effectiveness.
- Lithium-ion Battery: This segment is projected to exhibit the highest growth rate, although its current market share is relatively small.
- SLI Batteries: This application segment is likely to witness robust growth alongside increasing vehicle sales.
- Industrial Batteries: Demand is driven by industrial growth and energy needs.
West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Product Innovations
Recent product developments in the West African lead acid battery market focus on enhancing battery performance, lifespan, and safety. Manufacturers are exploring advanced lead-acid battery designs and improved manufacturing processes to improve energy density and reduce environmental impact. The market is also witnessing the introduction of advanced battery management systems (BMS) to optimize battery performance and extend lifespan. This reflects a focus on adapting to the evolving needs of the market and responding to the growing demand for better battery solutions.
Report Segmentation & Scope
This report segments the West Africa lead-acid battery market by technology (lead-acid, lithium-ion, other) and application (automotive (HEV, PHEV, EV), SLI, industrial (motive, stationary, ESS), portable, other). Each segment is analyzed based on historical and projected market size (in Million USD), growth rate, and competitive dynamics. The report offers a detailed breakdown of the market by country, highlighting regional variations and growth drivers. Growth projections indicate continued expansion in the lead-acid battery sector, albeit at a slower pace than the lithium-ion sector, driven by their respective cost and performance attributes. Competitive dynamics are analyzed at the segment and country level, identifying key players and their market strategies.
Key Drivers of West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Growth
The West African lead-acid battery market is driven by several key factors, including increasing vehicle ownership, the expanding industrial sector's energy requirements, and the growing demand for reliable power solutions in off-grid communities. Government initiatives promoting infrastructure development and industrialization further fuel market growth. The relatively low cost of lead-acid batteries compared to alternatives also contributes significantly to market expansion. Finally, advancements in battery technology are improving efficiency and lifespan, further enhancing market appeal.
Challenges in the West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Sector
The West Africa lead-acid battery market faces several challenges, including inconsistent power supply, which makes reliable energy storage solutions even more important. The presence of counterfeit and substandard batteries negatively impacts market quality and safety. Moreover, fluctuating raw material prices impact production costs and profitability. Additionally, inadequate recycling infrastructure hinders environmental sustainability efforts. Addressing these challenges is critical for sustainable market growth.
Leading Players in the West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Market
- Forgo Battery Company Limited
- Robert Bosch (Pty) Ltd
- Toshiba Corporation
- The Ibeto Group
- Franerix Solar Solutions Limited
- Luminous Power Technologies
- Panasonic Corporation
Key Developments in West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Sector
- September 2020: USTDA awarded a grant for a feasibility study to support utility-scale battery storage at Senegal's Taiba N'Diaye wind farm.
- January 2021: REPP invested USD 1,364 Million in a renewable-powered battery rental company targeting off-grid communities.
- June 2021: The World Bank Group provided USD 465 Million for expanding energy access and renewable energy integration in West Africa, including battery storage technologies.
Strategic West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Market Outlook
The West Africa lead-acid battery market presents significant growth opportunities, driven by ongoing infrastructure development, industrial expansion, and increasing energy demand. Strategic investments in battery manufacturing, distribution networks, and recycling infrastructure will further accelerate market expansion. Focusing on technological advancements to improve battery performance and lifespan, while addressing environmental concerns, will be crucial for long-term success. Companies that adapt to changing consumer preferences and competitive pressures will be best positioned for growth in this dynamic market.
West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Segmentation
-
1. Technology
- 1.1. Lead-acid Battery
- 1.2. Lithium-ion Battery
- 1.3. Other Battery Technologies
-
2. Application
- 2.1. Automotive (HEV, PHEV, EV)
- 2.2. SLI (Starting, Lighting, and Ignition) Batteries
- 2.3. Industri
- 2.4. Portable Batteries (Consumer Electronics, etc.)
- 2.5. Other Applications
-
3. Geography
- 3.1. Ghana
- 3.2. Nigeria
- 3.3. Senegal
- 3.4. Rest of West Africa
West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Segmentation By Geography
- 1. Ghana
- 2. Nigeria
- 3. Senegal
- 4. Rest of West Africa

West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market REPORT HIGHLIGHTS
Aspects | Details |
---|---|
Study Period | 2019-2033 |
Base Year | 2024 |
Estimated Year | 2025 |
Forecast Period | 2025-2033 |
Historical Period | 2019-2024 |
Growth Rate | CAGR of > 4.00% from 2019-2033 |
Segmentation |
|
Table of Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Research Scope
- 1.2. Market Segmentation
- 1.3. Research Methodology
- 1.4. Definitions and Assumptions
- 2. Executive Summary
- 2.1. Introduction
- 3. Market Dynamics
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Market Drivers
- 3.2.1. 4.; The High Amount of Waste Generation in the Country4.; The growing Focus on Non-Fossil Fuel Sources
- 3.3. Market Restrains
- 3.3.1. 4.; The Recycling Rate of Waste in Germany
- 3.4. Market Trends
- 3.4.1. Lead Acid Battery Segment to Witness Significant Growth
- 4. Market Factor Analysis
- 4.1. Porters Five Forces
- 4.2. Supply/Value Chain
- 4.3. PESTEL analysis
- 4.4. Market Entropy
- 4.5. Patent/Trademark Analysis
- 5. West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Technology
- 5.1.1. Lead-acid Battery
- 5.1.2. Lithium-ion Battery
- 5.1.3. Other Battery Technologies
- 5.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 5.2.1. Automotive (HEV, PHEV, EV)
- 5.2.2. SLI (Starting, Lighting, and Ignition) Batteries
- 5.2.3. Industri
- 5.2.4. Portable Batteries (Consumer Electronics, etc.)
- 5.2.5. Other Applications
- 5.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Geography
- 5.3.1. Ghana
- 5.3.2. Nigeria
- 5.3.3. Senegal
- 5.3.4. Rest of West Africa
- 5.4. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Region
- 5.4.1. Ghana
- 5.4.2. Nigeria
- 5.4.3. Senegal
- 5.4.4. Rest of West Africa
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Technology
- 6. Ghana West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Technology
- 6.1.1. Lead-acid Battery
- 6.1.2. Lithium-ion Battery
- 6.1.3. Other Battery Technologies
- 6.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 6.2.1. Automotive (HEV, PHEV, EV)
- 6.2.2. SLI (Starting, Lighting, and Ignition) Batteries
- 6.2.3. Industri
- 6.2.4. Portable Batteries (Consumer Electronics, etc.)
- 6.2.5. Other Applications
- 6.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Geography
- 6.3.1. Ghana
- 6.3.2. Nigeria
- 6.3.3. Senegal
- 6.3.4. Rest of West Africa
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Technology
- 7. Nigeria West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Technology
- 7.1.1. Lead-acid Battery
- 7.1.2. Lithium-ion Battery
- 7.1.3. Other Battery Technologies
- 7.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 7.2.1. Automotive (HEV, PHEV, EV)
- 7.2.2. SLI (Starting, Lighting, and Ignition) Batteries
- 7.2.3. Industri
- 7.2.4. Portable Batteries (Consumer Electronics, etc.)
- 7.2.5. Other Applications
- 7.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Geography
- 7.3.1. Ghana
- 7.3.2. Nigeria
- 7.3.3. Senegal
- 7.3.4. Rest of West Africa
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Technology
- 8. Senegal West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Technology
- 8.1.1. Lead-acid Battery
- 8.1.2. Lithium-ion Battery
- 8.1.3. Other Battery Technologies
- 8.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 8.2.1. Automotive (HEV, PHEV, EV)
- 8.2.2. SLI (Starting, Lighting, and Ignition) Batteries
- 8.2.3. Industri
- 8.2.4. Portable Batteries (Consumer Electronics, etc.)
- 8.2.5. Other Applications
- 8.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Geography
- 8.3.1. Ghana
- 8.3.2. Nigeria
- 8.3.3. Senegal
- 8.3.4. Rest of West Africa
- 8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Technology
- 9. Rest of West Africa West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 9.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Technology
- 9.1.1. Lead-acid Battery
- 9.1.2. Lithium-ion Battery
- 9.1.3. Other Battery Technologies
- 9.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 9.2.1. Automotive (HEV, PHEV, EV)
- 9.2.2. SLI (Starting, Lighting, and Ignition) Batteries
- 9.2.3. Industri
- 9.2.4. Portable Batteries (Consumer Electronics, etc.)
- 9.2.5. Other Applications
- 9.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Geography
- 9.3.1. Ghana
- 9.3.2. Nigeria
- 9.3.3. Senegal
- 9.3.4. Rest of West Africa
- 9.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Technology
- 10. South Africa West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 11. Sudan West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 12. Uganda West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 13. Tanzania West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 14. Kenya West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 15. Rest of Africa West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 16. Competitive Analysis
- 16.1. Market Share Analysis 2024
- 16.2. Company Profiles
- 16.2.1 Forgo Battery Company Limited
- 16.2.1.1. Overview
- 16.2.1.2. Products
- 16.2.1.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.1.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.1.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.2 Robert Bosch (Pty) Ltd*List Not Exhaustive
- 16.2.2.1. Overview
- 16.2.2.2. Products
- 16.2.2.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.2.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.2.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.3 Toshiba Corporation
- 16.2.3.1. Overview
- 16.2.3.2. Products
- 16.2.3.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.3.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.3.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.4 The Ibeto Group
- 16.2.4.1. Overview
- 16.2.4.2. Products
- 16.2.4.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.4.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.4.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.5 Franerix Solar Solutions Limited
- 16.2.5.1. Overview
- 16.2.5.2. Products
- 16.2.5.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.5.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.5.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.6 Luminous Power Technologies
- 16.2.6.1. Overview
- 16.2.6.2. Products
- 16.2.6.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.6.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.6.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.7 Panasonic Corporation
- 16.2.7.1. Overview
- 16.2.7.2. Products
- 16.2.7.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.7.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.7.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.1 Forgo Battery Company Limited
List of Figures
- Figure 1: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Breakdown (Million, %) by Product 2024 & 2032
- Figure 2: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Share (%) by Company 2024
List of Tables
- Table 1: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 2: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Technology 2019 & 2032
- Table 3: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 4: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 5: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 6: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 7: South Africa West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 8: Sudan West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 9: Uganda West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 10: Tanzania West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 11: Kenya West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 12: Rest of Africa West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 13: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Technology 2019 & 2032
- Table 14: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 15: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 16: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 17: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Technology 2019 & 2032
- Table 18: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 19: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 20: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 21: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Technology 2019 & 2032
- Table 22: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 23: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 24: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 25: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Technology 2019 & 2032
- Table 26: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 27: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 28: West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of the West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market?
The projected CAGR is approximately > 4.00%.
2. Which companies are prominent players in the West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market?
Key companies in the market include Forgo Battery Company Limited, Robert Bosch (Pty) Ltd*List Not Exhaustive, Toshiba Corporation, The Ibeto Group, Franerix Solar Solutions Limited, Luminous Power Technologies, Panasonic Corporation.
3. What are the main segments of the West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market?
The market segments include Technology, Application, Geography.
4. Can you provide details about the market size?
The market size is estimated to be USD XX Million as of 2022.
5. What are some drivers contributing to market growth?
4.; The High Amount of Waste Generation in the Country4.; The growing Focus on Non-Fossil Fuel Sources.
6. What are the notable trends driving market growth?
Lead Acid Battery Segment to Witness Significant Growth.
7. Are there any restraints impacting market growth?
4.; The Recycling Rate of Waste in Germany.
8. Can you provide examples of recent developments in the market?
In September 2020, the United States Trade and Development Agency (USTDA ) awarded a grant for a feasibility study to help Lekela Energie Stockage deploy utility-scale battery storage technology in support of its Taiba N'Diaye wind farm, the largest of its kind in Senegal and West Africa.
9. What pricing options are available for accessing the report?
Pricing options include single-user, multi-user, and enterprise licenses priced at USD 4750, USD 5250, and USD 8750 respectively.
10. Is the market size provided in terms of value or volume?
The market size is provided in terms of value, measured in Million.
11. Are there any specific market keywords associated with the report?
Yes, the market keyword associated with the report is "West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market," which aids in identifying and referencing the specific market segment covered.
12. How do I determine which pricing option suits my needs best?
The pricing options vary based on user requirements and access needs. Individual users may opt for single-user licenses, while businesses requiring broader access may choose multi-user or enterprise licenses for cost-effective access to the report.
13. Are there any additional resources or data provided in the West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market report?
While the report offers comprehensive insights, it's advisable to review the specific contents or supplementary materials provided to ascertain if additional resources or data are available.
14. How can I stay updated on further developments or reports in the West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market?
To stay informed about further developments, trends, and reports in the West Africa Lead Acid Battery Market, consider subscribing to industry newsletters, following relevant companies and organizations, or regularly checking reputable industry news sources and publications.
Methodology
Step 1 - Identification of Relevant Samples Size from Population Database



Step 2 - Approaches for Defining Global Market Size (Value, Volume* & Price*)

Note*: In applicable scenarios
Step 3 - Data Sources
Primary Research
- Web Analytics
- Survey Reports
- Research Institute
- Latest Research Reports
- Opinion Leaders
Secondary Research
- Annual Reports
- White Paper
- Latest Press Release
- Industry Association
- Paid Database
- Investor Presentations

Step 4 - Data Triangulation
Involves using different sources of information in order to increase the validity of a study
These sources are likely to be stakeholders in a program - participants, other researchers, program staff, other community members, and so on.
Then we put all data in single framework & apply various statistical tools to find out the dynamic on the market.
During the analysis stage, feedback from the stakeholder groups would be compared to determine areas of agreement as well as areas of divergence