Key Insights
The global packaging coatings market, valued at $5.70 billion in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, driven by the increasing demand for protective and aesthetically appealing packaging across various industries. A compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.45% from 2025 to 2033 indicates a significant market expansion, reaching an estimated value of approximately $8.2 billion by 2033. This growth is fueled by several key factors. The rising popularity of e-commerce and the consequent need for durable and visually appealing shipping packages is a major driver. Furthermore, the food and beverage industry's stringent regulations regarding food safety and product preservation are stimulating demand for high-performance coatings that enhance shelf life and prevent contamination. The growing preference for sustainable and eco-friendly packaging materials is also influencing market trends, with manufacturers increasingly adopting water-based and bio-based coatings to reduce their environmental footprint. Technological advancements in coating formulations, offering improved barrier properties, enhanced durability, and aesthetic appeal, further contribute to market expansion. Segment-wise, epoxies and acrylics are anticipated to maintain their dominance due to their versatility and cost-effectiveness. Geographically, North America and Europe are expected to hold significant market shares, while Asia-Pacific is poised for substantial growth owing to its expanding manufacturing sector and burgeoning consumer base.
However, market growth is not without its challenges. Fluctuations in raw material prices, particularly resins, can impact profitability. The stringent regulatory landscape concerning volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other harmful substances necessitates the development and adoption of environmentally compliant coatings, representing both a challenge and an opportunity. Furthermore, intense competition among established players and the emergence of new entrants necessitates continuous innovation and strategic partnerships to maintain a competitive edge. Despite these restraints, the long-term outlook for the packaging coatings market remains positive, fueled by sustained growth in end-use sectors and ongoing technological advancements. The market's trajectory suggests significant opportunities for companies that successfully adapt to evolving consumer preferences and regulatory requirements.

Packaging Coatings Market: A Comprehensive Report (2019-2033)
This in-depth report provides a comprehensive analysis of the Packaging Coatings Market, offering invaluable insights for industry stakeholders, investors, and strategic decision-makers. Covering the period from 2019 to 2033, with a focus on 2025, this report meticulously examines market dynamics, competitive landscapes, and future growth trajectories. The global Packaging Coatings Market is projected to reach xx Million by 2033, exhibiting a CAGR of xx% during the forecast period (2025-2033).
Packaging Coatings Market Market Structure & Competitive Dynamics
The Packaging Coatings Market is characterized by a moderately concentrated structure, with several key players holding significant market share. Market concentration is influenced by factors such as economies of scale, technological advancements, and brand recognition. The market exhibits a dynamic innovation ecosystem, driven by the constant need for improved performance, sustainability, and cost-effectiveness. Stringent regulatory frameworks, particularly regarding environmental concerns and food safety, significantly impact market dynamics. Product substitutes, such as alternative packaging materials, exert competitive pressure. End-user trends, including the growing demand for sustainable and recyclable packaging, are shaping market demand. Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) activities play a crucial role in shaping the competitive landscape. Recent M&A deals, although specific values are not publicly available for all, suggest a strong consolidation trend, with larger players acquiring smaller companies to expand their product portfolios and geographical reach. For example, the xx Million acquisition of Company X by Company Y in 2022 illustrates this trend.
- Market Share: Top 5 players hold approximately xx% of the market share.
- M&A Activity: Significant M&A activity observed in the past 5 years, with average deal values estimated at xx Million.
- Regulatory Landscape: Stringent regulations concerning VOC emissions and food safety standards are shaping product development.
- Innovation Ecosystem: Focus on developing sustainable, recyclable, and high-performance coatings.
Packaging Coatings Market Industry Trends & Insights
The Packaging Coatings Market is experiencing robust growth, driven by several key factors. The increasing demand for packaged goods across various sectors, including food and beverages, pharmaceuticals, and consumer products, is a major growth driver. Technological advancements, such as the development of innovative coating materials with improved barrier properties and sustainability features, are revolutionizing the industry. Consumer preferences are shifting towards eco-friendly packaging solutions, creating opportunities for manufacturers of sustainable coatings. The competitive dynamics are characterized by intense rivalry among established players and the emergence of new entrants, leading to innovation and price competition. The market penetration of sustainable coatings is increasing steadily, driven by stringent environmental regulations and consumer demand. The market is expected to grow at a CAGR of xx% from 2025 to 2033. Specific market penetration rates vary by region and application.

Dominant Markets & Segments in Packaging Coatings Market
The North American region holds a dominant position in the Packaging Coatings Market, driven by robust economic growth, established infrastructure, and high consumption of packaged goods. Within this region, the United States exhibits the highest market share, owing to its large consumer base and developed packaging industry.
By Resin:
- Epoxies: High demand due to excellent barrier properties and durability, particularly in metal packaging.
- Acrylics: Wide application due to versatility and cost-effectiveness.
- Polyurethane: Growth driven by increased demand for high-performance coatings in specialized packaging.
- Polyolefins: Growing popularity due to their flexibility and suitability for flexible packaging.
- Polyester: Strong market presence in applications requiring high gloss and clarity.
By Application:
- Food Cans: Significant market share due to the large-scale production of canned food.
- Beverage Cans: High demand driven by the widespread consumption of carbonated and non-carbonated beverages.
- Aerosol and Tubes: Growth propelled by the expanding market for aerosol products and personal care items.
- Caps and Closures: Significant market segment with steady growth reflecting high consumption.
- Industrial and Specialty Packaging: Niche applications with growth potential in sectors like chemicals and pharmaceuticals.
Key drivers for regional dominance include strong economic growth, supportive government policies, well-developed infrastructure, and a large consumer base.
Packaging Coatings Market Product Innovations
Recent innovations in packaging coatings focus on enhancing barrier properties, improving sustainability, and enhancing recyclability. New coatings offer enhanced protection against oxygen, moisture, and UV light, extending shelf life and maintaining product quality. The development of water-based and solvent-free coatings addresses environmental concerns, while the integration of bio-based materials promotes sustainability. These innovations cater to the growing demand for eco-friendly packaging solutions, offering a significant competitive advantage.
Report Segmentation & Scope
This report segments the Packaging Coatings Market by resin type (Epoxies, Acrylics, Polyurethane, Polyolefins, Polyester, Other Resins) and application (Food Cans, Beverage Cans, Aerosol and Tubes, Caps and Closures, Industrial and Specialty Packaging). Each segment is analyzed based on historical data (2019-2024), estimated data (2025), and projected growth (2025-2033). The report includes market size estimations, growth projections, and competitive analysis for each segment. Market dynamics, including technological advancements and regulatory changes, are discussed for each segment.
Key Drivers of Packaging Coatings Market Growth
The Packaging Coatings Market is experiencing strong growth propelled by several factors: increasing demand for packaged goods, the growing focus on extending product shelf life, the demand for aesthetically appealing packaging, the need for enhanced barrier properties to protect against environmental factors, and the increasing adoption of sustainable and recyclable packaging solutions. The stringent regulations regarding food safety and environmental protection further drive innovation and demand for advanced coatings.
Challenges in the Packaging Coatings Market Sector
Significant challenges facing the Packaging Coatings Market include fluctuating raw material prices, stringent environmental regulations leading to increased compliance costs, intense competition among established players, the need for continuous innovation to meet evolving consumer demands and the pressure to reduce packaging waste. The market faces significant supply chain risks. These factors can affect profitability and market growth.
Leading Players in the Packaging Coatings Market Market
- Henkel AG & Co KGaA
- The Sherwin-Williams Company
- Diamond Vogel
- Kangnam Jevisco Co Ltd
- Altana
- RPM International Inc
- Kansai Paint Co Ltd
- PPG Industries Inc
- BASF SE
- Hempel A/S
- FGN Fujikura Kasei Global Network
- AkzoNobel NV
- Axalta Coating Systems LLC
- Weilburger
- Jamestown Coating Technologies
Key Developments in Packaging Coatings Market Sector
- November 2023: AkzoNobel announced a EUR 32 million (USD 34.99 million) investment in a new factory to manufacture bisphenol-free coatings for metal packaging in EMEA, signifying a commitment to sustainable solutions and technological advancement. The new facility, projected to be operational by mid-2025, will improve energy and material efficiency.
- October 2022: Siegwerk and Henkel collaborated on a new oxygen barrier coating for recyclable flexible food packaging, highlighting the industry's focus on sustainability and circular economy initiatives. This development promotes mono-material packaging, simplifying recycling processes.
Strategic Packaging Coatings Market Market Outlook
The Packaging Coatings Market presents significant growth potential, driven by increasing demand for sustainable packaging and technological advancements. Strategic opportunities lie in developing innovative coatings with improved barrier properties, enhanced recyclability, and reduced environmental impact. Companies that prioritize sustainability and invest in research and development are poised to capture significant market share. The focus on circular economy initiatives will drive further growth in the coming years.
Packaging Coatings Market Segmentation
-
1. Resin
- 1.1. Epoxies
- 1.2. Acrylics
- 1.3. Polyurethane
- 1.4. Polyolefins
- 1.5. Polyester
- 1.6. Other Resins
-
2. Application
- 2.1. Food Cans
- 2.2. Beverage Cans
- 2.3. Aerosol and Tubes
- 2.4. Caps and Closures
- 2.5. Industrial and Specialty Packaging
Packaging Coatings Market Segmentation By Geography
-
1. Asia Pacific
- 1.1. China
- 1.2. India
- 1.3. Japan
- 1.4. South Korea
- 1.5. Malaysia
- 1.6. Thailand
- 1.7. Indonesia
- 1.8. Vietnam
- 1.9. Rest of Asia Pacific
-
2. North America
- 2.1. United States
- 2.2. Canada
- 2.3. Mexico
-
3. Europe
- 3.1. Germany
- 3.2. United Kingdom
- 3.3. Italy
- 3.4. France
- 3.5. Spain
- 3.6. NORDIC Countries
- 3.7. Turkey
- 3.8. Russia
- 3.9. Rest of Europe
-
4. South America
- 4.1. Brazil
- 4.2. Argentina
- 4.3. Colombia
- 4.4. Rest of South America
-
5. Middle East and Africa
- 5.1. Qatar
- 5.2. United Arab Emirates
- 5.3. Nigeria
- 5.4. Egypt
- 5.5. South Africa
- 5.6. Rest of Middle East and Africa

Packaging Coatings Market REPORT HIGHLIGHTS
Aspects | Details |
---|---|
Study Period | 2019-2033 |
Base Year | 2024 |
Estimated Year | 2025 |
Forecast Period | 2025-2033 |
Historical Period | 2019-2024 |
Growth Rate | CAGR of 4.45% from 2019-2033 |
Segmentation |
|
Table of Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Research Scope
- 1.2. Market Segmentation
- 1.3. Research Methodology
- 1.4. Definitions and Assumptions
- 2. Executive Summary
- 2.1. Introduction
- 3. Market Dynamics
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Market Drivers
- 3.2.1. Increasing Demand from Food and Beverage Packaging; Growing Utilization of Packaging Coatings In Aerosol Cans For Personal Care Industry
- 3.3. Market Restrains
- 3.3.1. VOC Emission Constraints
- 3.4. Market Trends
- 3.4.1. Increasing Demand for Epoxies
- 4. Market Factor Analysis
- 4.1. Porters Five Forces
- 4.2. Supply/Value Chain
- 4.3. PESTEL analysis
- 4.4. Market Entropy
- 4.5. Patent/Trademark Analysis
- 5. Global Packaging Coatings Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Resin
- 5.1.1. Epoxies
- 5.1.2. Acrylics
- 5.1.3. Polyurethane
- 5.1.4. Polyolefins
- 5.1.5. Polyester
- 5.1.6. Other Resins
- 5.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 5.2.1. Food Cans
- 5.2.2. Beverage Cans
- 5.2.3. Aerosol and Tubes
- 5.2.4. Caps and Closures
- 5.2.5. Industrial and Specialty Packaging
- 5.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Region
- 5.3.1. Asia Pacific
- 5.3.2. North America
- 5.3.3. Europe
- 5.3.4. South America
- 5.3.5. Middle East and Africa
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Resin
- 6. Asia Pacific Packaging Coatings Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Resin
- 6.1.1. Epoxies
- 6.1.2. Acrylics
- 6.1.3. Polyurethane
- 6.1.4. Polyolefins
- 6.1.5. Polyester
- 6.1.6. Other Resins
- 6.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 6.2.1. Food Cans
- 6.2.2. Beverage Cans
- 6.2.3. Aerosol and Tubes
- 6.2.4. Caps and Closures
- 6.2.5. Industrial and Specialty Packaging
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Resin
- 7. North America Packaging Coatings Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Resin
- 7.1.1. Epoxies
- 7.1.2. Acrylics
- 7.1.3. Polyurethane
- 7.1.4. Polyolefins
- 7.1.5. Polyester
- 7.1.6. Other Resins
- 7.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 7.2.1. Food Cans
- 7.2.2. Beverage Cans
- 7.2.3. Aerosol and Tubes
- 7.2.4. Caps and Closures
- 7.2.5. Industrial and Specialty Packaging
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Resin
- 8. Europe Packaging Coatings Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Resin
- 8.1.1. Epoxies
- 8.1.2. Acrylics
- 8.1.3. Polyurethane
- 8.1.4. Polyolefins
- 8.1.5. Polyester
- 8.1.6. Other Resins
- 8.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 8.2.1. Food Cans
- 8.2.2. Beverage Cans
- 8.2.3. Aerosol and Tubes
- 8.2.4. Caps and Closures
- 8.2.5. Industrial and Specialty Packaging
- 8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Resin
- 9. South America Packaging Coatings Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 9.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Resin
- 9.1.1. Epoxies
- 9.1.2. Acrylics
- 9.1.3. Polyurethane
- 9.1.4. Polyolefins
- 9.1.5. Polyester
- 9.1.6. Other Resins
- 9.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 9.2.1. Food Cans
- 9.2.2. Beverage Cans
- 9.2.3. Aerosol and Tubes
- 9.2.4. Caps and Closures
- 9.2.5. Industrial and Specialty Packaging
- 9.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Resin
- 10. Middle East and Africa Packaging Coatings Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 10.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Resin
- 10.1.1. Epoxies
- 10.1.2. Acrylics
- 10.1.3. Polyurethane
- 10.1.4. Polyolefins
- 10.1.5. Polyester
- 10.1.6. Other Resins
- 10.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 10.2.1. Food Cans
- 10.2.2. Beverage Cans
- 10.2.3. Aerosol and Tubes
- 10.2.4. Caps and Closures
- 10.2.5. Industrial and Specialty Packaging
- 10.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Resin
- 11. North America Packaging Coatings Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 11.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 11.1.1 United States
- 11.1.2 Canada
- 11.1.3 Mexico
- 12. Europe Packaging Coatings Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 12.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 12.1.1 Germany
- 12.1.2 France
- 12.1.3 Italy
- 12.1.4 United Kingdom
- 12.1.5 Netherlands
- 12.1.6 Rest of Europe
- 13. Asia Pacific Packaging Coatings Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 13.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 13.1.1 China
- 13.1.2 Japan
- 13.1.3 India
- 13.1.4 South Korea
- 13.1.5 Taiwan
- 13.1.6 Australia
- 13.1.7 Rest of Asia-Pacific
- 14. South America Packaging Coatings Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 14.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 14.1.1 Brazil
- 14.1.2 Argentina
- 14.1.3 Rest of South America
- 15. MEA Packaging Coatings Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 15.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 15.1.1 Middle East
- 15.1.2 Africa
- 16. Competitive Analysis
- 16.1. Global Market Share Analysis 2024
- 16.2. Company Profiles
- 16.2.1 Henkel AG & Co KGaA
- 16.2.1.1. Overview
- 16.2.1.2. Products
- 16.2.1.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.1.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.1.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.2 The Sherwin-Williams Company
- 16.2.2.1. Overview
- 16.2.2.2. Products
- 16.2.2.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.2.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.2.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.3 Diamond Vogel
- 16.2.3.1. Overview
- 16.2.3.2. Products
- 16.2.3.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.3.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.3.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.4 Kangnam Jevisco Co Ltd
- 16.2.4.1. Overview
- 16.2.4.2. Products
- 16.2.4.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.4.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.4.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.5 Altana
- 16.2.5.1. Overview
- 16.2.5.2. Products
- 16.2.5.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.5.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.5.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.6 RPM International Inc
- 16.2.6.1. Overview
- 16.2.6.2. Products
- 16.2.6.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.6.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.6.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.7 Kansai Paint Co Ltd
- 16.2.7.1. Overview
- 16.2.7.2. Products
- 16.2.7.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.7.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.7.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.8 PPG Industries Inc
- 16.2.8.1. Overview
- 16.2.8.2. Products
- 16.2.8.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.8.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.8.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.9 BASF SE
- 16.2.9.1. Overview
- 16.2.9.2. Products
- 16.2.9.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.9.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.9.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.10 Hempel A/S
- 16.2.10.1. Overview
- 16.2.10.2. Products
- 16.2.10.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.10.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.10.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.11 FGN Fujikura Kasei Global Network
- 16.2.11.1. Overview
- 16.2.11.2. Products
- 16.2.11.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.11.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.11.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.12 AkzoNobel NV
- 16.2.12.1. Overview
- 16.2.12.2. Products
- 16.2.12.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.12.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.12.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.13 Axalta Coating Systems LLC
- 16.2.13.1. Overview
- 16.2.13.2. Products
- 16.2.13.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.13.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.13.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.14 Weilburger*List Not Exhaustive
- 16.2.14.1. Overview
- 16.2.14.2. Products
- 16.2.14.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.14.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.14.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.15 Jamestown Coating Technologies
- 16.2.15.1. Overview
- 16.2.15.2. Products
- 16.2.15.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.15.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.15.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.1 Henkel AG & Co KGaA
List of Figures
- Figure 1: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Breakdown (Million, %) by Region 2024 & 2032
- Figure 2: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume Breakdown (K Tons, %) by Region 2024 & 2032
- Figure 3: North America Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 4: North America Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 5: North America Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 6: North America Packaging Coatings Market Volume Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 7: Europe Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 8: Europe Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 9: Europe Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 10: Europe Packaging Coatings Market Volume Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 11: Asia Pacific Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 12: Asia Pacific Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 13: Asia Pacific Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 14: Asia Pacific Packaging Coatings Market Volume Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 15: South America Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 16: South America Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 17: South America Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 18: South America Packaging Coatings Market Volume Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 19: MEA Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 20: MEA Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 21: MEA Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 22: MEA Packaging Coatings Market Volume Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 23: Asia Pacific Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million), by Resin 2024 & 2032
- Figure 24: Asia Pacific Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons), by Resin 2024 & 2032
- Figure 25: Asia Pacific Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Share (%), by Resin 2024 & 2032
- Figure 26: Asia Pacific Packaging Coatings Market Volume Share (%), by Resin 2024 & 2032
- Figure 27: Asia Pacific Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million), by Application 2024 & 2032
- Figure 28: Asia Pacific Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons), by Application 2024 & 2032
- Figure 29: Asia Pacific Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Share (%), by Application 2024 & 2032
- Figure 30: Asia Pacific Packaging Coatings Market Volume Share (%), by Application 2024 & 2032
- Figure 31: Asia Pacific Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 32: Asia Pacific Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 33: Asia Pacific Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 34: Asia Pacific Packaging Coatings Market Volume Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 35: North America Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million), by Resin 2024 & 2032
- Figure 36: North America Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons), by Resin 2024 & 2032
- Figure 37: North America Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Share (%), by Resin 2024 & 2032
- Figure 38: North America Packaging Coatings Market Volume Share (%), by Resin 2024 & 2032
- Figure 39: North America Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million), by Application 2024 & 2032
- Figure 40: North America Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons), by Application 2024 & 2032
- Figure 41: North America Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Share (%), by Application 2024 & 2032
- Figure 42: North America Packaging Coatings Market Volume Share (%), by Application 2024 & 2032
- Figure 43: North America Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 44: North America Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 45: North America Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 46: North America Packaging Coatings Market Volume Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 47: Europe Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million), by Resin 2024 & 2032
- Figure 48: Europe Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons), by Resin 2024 & 2032
- Figure 49: Europe Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Share (%), by Resin 2024 & 2032
- Figure 50: Europe Packaging Coatings Market Volume Share (%), by Resin 2024 & 2032
- Figure 51: Europe Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million), by Application 2024 & 2032
- Figure 52: Europe Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons), by Application 2024 & 2032
- Figure 53: Europe Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Share (%), by Application 2024 & 2032
- Figure 54: Europe Packaging Coatings Market Volume Share (%), by Application 2024 & 2032
- Figure 55: Europe Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 56: Europe Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 57: Europe Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 58: Europe Packaging Coatings Market Volume Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 59: South America Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million), by Resin 2024 & 2032
- Figure 60: South America Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons), by Resin 2024 & 2032
- Figure 61: South America Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Share (%), by Resin 2024 & 2032
- Figure 62: South America Packaging Coatings Market Volume Share (%), by Resin 2024 & 2032
- Figure 63: South America Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million), by Application 2024 & 2032
- Figure 64: South America Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons), by Application 2024 & 2032
- Figure 65: South America Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Share (%), by Application 2024 & 2032
- Figure 66: South America Packaging Coatings Market Volume Share (%), by Application 2024 & 2032
- Figure 67: South America Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 68: South America Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 69: South America Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 70: South America Packaging Coatings Market Volume Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 71: Middle East and Africa Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million), by Resin 2024 & 2032
- Figure 72: Middle East and Africa Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons), by Resin 2024 & 2032
- Figure 73: Middle East and Africa Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Share (%), by Resin 2024 & 2032
- Figure 74: Middle East and Africa Packaging Coatings Market Volume Share (%), by Resin 2024 & 2032
- Figure 75: Middle East and Africa Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million), by Application 2024 & 2032
- Figure 76: Middle East and Africa Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons), by Application 2024 & 2032
- Figure 77: Middle East and Africa Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Share (%), by Application 2024 & 2032
- Figure 78: Middle East and Africa Packaging Coatings Market Volume Share (%), by Application 2024 & 2032
- Figure 79: Middle East and Africa Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 80: Middle East and Africa Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 81: Middle East and Africa Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 82: Middle East and Africa Packaging Coatings Market Volume Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
List of Tables
- Table 1: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 2: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 3: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Resin 2019 & 2032
- Table 4: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Resin 2019 & 2032
- Table 5: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 6: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 7: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 8: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 9: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 10: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 11: United States Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 12: United States Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 13: Canada Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 14: Canada Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 15: Mexico Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 16: Mexico Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 17: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 18: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 19: Germany Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 20: Germany Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 21: France Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 22: France Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 23: Italy Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 24: Italy Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 25: United Kingdom Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 26: United Kingdom Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 27: Netherlands Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 28: Netherlands Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 29: Rest of Europe Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 30: Rest of Europe Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 31: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 32: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 33: China Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 34: China Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 35: Japan Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 36: Japan Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 37: India Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 38: India Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 39: South Korea Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 40: South Korea Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 41: Taiwan Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 42: Taiwan Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 43: Australia Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 44: Australia Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 45: Rest of Asia-Pacific Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 46: Rest of Asia-Pacific Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 47: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 48: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 49: Brazil Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 50: Brazil Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 51: Argentina Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 52: Argentina Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 53: Rest of South America Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 54: Rest of South America Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 55: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 56: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 57: Middle East Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 58: Middle East Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 59: Africa Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 60: Africa Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 61: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Resin 2019 & 2032
- Table 62: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Resin 2019 & 2032
- Table 63: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 64: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 65: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 66: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 67: China Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 68: China Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 69: India Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 70: India Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 71: Japan Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 72: Japan Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 73: South Korea Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 74: South Korea Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 75: Malaysia Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 76: Malaysia Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 77: Thailand Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 78: Thailand Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 79: Indonesia Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 80: Indonesia Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 81: Vietnam Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 82: Vietnam Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 83: Rest of Asia Pacific Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 84: Rest of Asia Pacific Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 85: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Resin 2019 & 2032
- Table 86: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Resin 2019 & 2032
- Table 87: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 88: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 89: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 90: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 91: United States Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 92: United States Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 93: Canada Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 94: Canada Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 95: Mexico Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 96: Mexico Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 97: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Resin 2019 & 2032
- Table 98: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Resin 2019 & 2032
- Table 99: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 100: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 101: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 102: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 103: Germany Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 104: Germany Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 105: United Kingdom Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 106: United Kingdom Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 107: Italy Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 108: Italy Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 109: France Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 110: France Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 111: Spain Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 112: Spain Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 113: NORDIC Countries Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 114: NORDIC Countries Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 115: Turkey Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 116: Turkey Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 117: Russia Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 118: Russia Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 119: Rest of Europe Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 120: Rest of Europe Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 121: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Resin 2019 & 2032
- Table 122: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Resin 2019 & 2032
- Table 123: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 124: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 125: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 126: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 127: Brazil Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 128: Brazil Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 129: Argentina Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 130: Argentina Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 131: Colombia Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 132: Colombia Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 133: Rest of South America Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 134: Rest of South America Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 135: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Resin 2019 & 2032
- Table 136: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Resin 2019 & 2032
- Table 137: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 138: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 139: Global Packaging Coatings Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 140: Global Packaging Coatings Market Volume K Tons Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 141: Qatar Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 142: Qatar Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 143: United Arab Emirates Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 144: United Arab Emirates Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 145: Nigeria Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 146: Nigeria Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 147: Egypt Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 148: Egypt Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 149: South Africa Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 150: South Africa Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 151: Rest of Middle East and Africa Packaging Coatings Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 152: Rest of Middle East and Africa Packaging Coatings Market Volume (K Tons) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of the Packaging Coatings Market?
The projected CAGR is approximately 4.45%.
2. Which companies are prominent players in the Packaging Coatings Market?
Key companies in the market include Henkel AG & Co KGaA, The Sherwin-Williams Company, Diamond Vogel, Kangnam Jevisco Co Ltd, Altana, RPM International Inc, Kansai Paint Co Ltd, PPG Industries Inc, BASF SE, Hempel A/S, FGN Fujikura Kasei Global Network, AkzoNobel NV, Axalta Coating Systems LLC, Weilburger*List Not Exhaustive, Jamestown Coating Technologies.
3. What are the main segments of the Packaging Coatings Market?
The market segments include Resin, Application.
4. Can you provide details about the market size?
The market size is estimated to be USD 5.70 Million as of 2022.
5. What are some drivers contributing to market growth?
Increasing Demand from Food and Beverage Packaging; Growing Utilization of Packaging Coatings In Aerosol Cans For Personal Care Industry.
6. What are the notable trends driving market growth?
Increasing Demand for Epoxies.
7. Are there any restraints impacting market growth?
VOC Emission Constraints.
8. Can you provide examples of recent developments in the market?
November 2023: AkzoNobel announced the investment of EUR 32 million (USD 34.99 million) in a new factory at its Vilafranca site to manufacture bisphenol-free coatings for the metal packaging industry in EMEA (Europe, Middle East, and Africa). The facility will use advanced automation and has been designed to meet high eco-efficiency requirements, allowing the company to achieve significant improvements in energy and material economy. It is projected to be operational by the middle of 2025.
9. What pricing options are available for accessing the report?
Pricing options include single-user, multi-user, and enterprise licenses priced at USD 3,950, USD 4,950, and USD 6,950 respectively.
10. Is the market size provided in terms of value or volume?
The market size is provided in terms of value, measured in Million and volume, measured in K Tons.
11. Are there any specific market keywords associated with the report?
Yes, the market keyword associated with the report is "Packaging Coatings Market," which aids in identifying and referencing the specific market segment covered.
12. How do I determine which pricing option suits my needs best?
The pricing options vary based on user requirements and access needs. Individual users may opt for single-user licenses, while businesses requiring broader access may choose multi-user or enterprise licenses for cost-effective access to the report.
13. Are there any additional resources or data provided in the Packaging Coatings Market report?
While the report offers comprehensive insights, it's advisable to review the specific contents or supplementary materials provided to ascertain if additional resources or data are available.
14. How can I stay updated on further developments or reports in the Packaging Coatings Market?
To stay informed about further developments, trends, and reports in the Packaging Coatings Market, consider subscribing to industry newsletters, following relevant companies and organizations, or regularly checking reputable industry news sources and publications.
Methodology
Step 1 - Identification of Relevant Samples Size from Population Database



Step 2 - Approaches for Defining Global Market Size (Value, Volume* & Price*)

Note*: In applicable scenarios
Step 3 - Data Sources
Primary Research
- Web Analytics
- Survey Reports
- Research Institute
- Latest Research Reports
- Opinion Leaders
Secondary Research
- Annual Reports
- White Paper
- Latest Press Release
- Industry Association
- Paid Database
- Investor Presentations

Step 4 - Data Triangulation
Involves using different sources of information in order to increase the validity of a study
These sources are likely to be stakeholders in a program - participants, other researchers, program staff, other community members, and so on.
Then we put all data in single framework & apply various statistical tools to find out the dynamic on the market.
During the analysis stage, feedback from the stakeholder groups would be compared to determine areas of agreement as well as areas of divergence